**Introduction to Semaglutide** Semaglutide is an innovative medication used to manage type 2 diabetes and, more recently, chronic weight management in adults. As a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, it mimics natural hormones to regulate blood sugar levels by stimulating insulin secretion, suppressing glucagon release, and slowing gastric emptying. Clinically proven to improve glycemic control and support weight loss, semaglutide is available in both injectable (Ozempic®, Wegovy®) and oral (Rybelsus®) forms. Its dual benefits make it a valuable option for patients struggling with obesity-related metabolic conditions. With strong efficacy and a favorable safety profile, semaglutide represents a significant advancement in diabetes and weight management therapies.
Preparation Process: Semaglutide is prepared via solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) using Fmoc chemistry. The sequence H-His-Aib-Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Val-Ser-Ser-Tyr-Leu-Glu-Gly-Gln-Ala-Ala-Lys(Boc)-Glu-Phe-Ile-Ala-Trp-Leu-Val-Arg(Trt)-Gly-Arg(Trt)-Gly-OH is assembled on a Rink amide resin. Aib (α-aminoisobutyric acid) at position 2 enhances stability. After chain assembly, the peptide is cleaved from the resin using TFA/water/TIS (95:2.5:2.5). The crude peptide is purified via reverse-phase HPLC. A C18 fatty diacid (octadecanedioic acid) is then conjugated to the Lys side chain via a γ-Glu spacer using DIC/HOBt coupling. Final purification by HPLC yields Semaglutide as a white lyophilized powder.
Usage Scenarios: Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist primarily used to manage type 2 diabetes by improving blood sugar control. It stimulates insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon release, and slows gastric emptying, reducing postprandial glucose spikes. Additionally, semaglutide is approved for chronic weight management in adults with obesity or overweight conditions, as it promotes satiety and reduces appetite. Administered via subcutaneous injection, it is available in varying dosages under brand names like Ozempic (for diabetes) and Wegovy (for weight loss). Studies also suggest potential cardiovascular benefits in reducing major adverse cardiac events in high-risk patients.