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Fluorine

CAS No.: 7782-41-4
Formula: F2
Molecular Weight: 38
Suppliers: All(0) China Suppliers(0) Products(0)
  • Description
  • Basic Info
  • Safety Info
  • MSDS
  • Price
What is Fluorine

Difluorine (F₂) is a highly reactive, pale yellow gas composed of two fluorine atoms. Known for its extreme electronegativity and reactivity, difluorine is the most powerful oxidizing agent among the elements, capable of reacting with almost all substances, including noble gases under specific conditions. It is widely used in industrial applications, such as the production of uranium hexafluoride for nuclear fuel processing, the synthesis of fluoropolymers like Teflon, and the manufacture of various fluorinated chemicals. Due to its hazardous nature, difluorine requires careful handling and storage in specialized containers. Its unique properties make it indispensable in advanced materials, pharmaceuticals, and energy technologies, despite its challenges.

Preparation Process: Difluorine (F₂) is prepared by the electrolysis of a mixture of potassium fluoride (KF) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) in a 1:2 molar ratio at 70–130°C. The process occurs in a steel or Monel electrolytic cell with carbon anodes and steel cathodes. Anhydrous HF ensures conductivity, while KF stabilizes the melt. At the anode, fluoride ions (F⁻) oxidize to form F₂ gas, while hydrogen ions (H⁺) reduce to H₂ at the cathode. The gaseous F₂ is purified by removing HF traces through condensation or scrubbing with NaF. Handling requires extreme caution due to F₂'s high reactivity and toxicity.

Usage Scenarios: Difluorine (F₂) is a highly reactive, pale yellow gas used primarily as a fluorinating agent in chemical synthesis, converting hydrocarbons into fluorocarbons. It plays a key role in producing uranium hexafluoride (UF₆) for nuclear fuel enrichment. In the semiconductor industry, F₂ etches silicon and cleans chemical vapor deposition chambers. It also synthesizes sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆), an insulating gas for electrical equipment. Additionally, F₂ is used in rocket propellants and high-energy chemistry. Its strong oxidizing properties make it valuable in water treatment and disinfectants, though handling requires extreme caution due to its toxicity and corrosiveness.

Fluorine Basic Info
Chemical Name Fluorine
Synonyms F2;Fluoro;Fluor;fluorine gas;THRB;C00742;FLUORINE;difluorine;Bifluoriden;Fluoruri acidi
CAS No. 7782-41-4
Molecular Formula F2
Molecular Weight 38
PSA 0.00000
LogP 0.84040
Safely Info
RTECS -
Hazard Class 2.3
Safety Statements 9-26-36/37/39-45
HS Code 2801301000
WGK Germany -
Packing Group -
RIDADR UN 1045/9192
Risk Statements 7-26-35
Hazard Codes T+,C
Caution Statement P220-P244-P370+P376-P403-P260-P264-P280-P301+P330+P331-P303+P361+P353-P363-P304+P340-P310-P321-P305+P351+P338-P405-P501-P260-P271-P284-P304+P340-P310-P320-P403+P233-P405-P501
Hazard Declaration H270-H314-H330
Symbol GHS04,GHS03,GHS06,GHS05
Signal Word Danger
Fluorine Price
United States: $500-$700
China: $300-$500
Russia: $400-$600
Germany: $600-$800
India: $400-$600
Japan: $600-$800
Brazil: $500-$700
South Korea: $500-$700
Philippines: No results
United Kingdom: $600-$800
France: $600-$800
Mexico: $400-$600
Canada: $500-$700
South Africa: $400-$600
Egypt: $400-$600
South Africa: $400-$600
Turkey: $500-$700
Thailand: No results
Indonesia: $300-$500
MSDS
SDS 1.0
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SAFETY DATA SHEETS

According to Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) - Sixth revised edition

Version: 1.0

Creation Date: Aug 12, 2017

Revision Date: Aug 12, 2017

1.Identification

1.1 GHS Product identifier

Product name difluorine

1.2 Other means of identification

Product number -
Other names Fluorine

1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use

Identified uses For industry use only. Inorganic substances, Metals/Elements (the simplest forms of matter)
Uses advised against no data available

1.4 Supplier's details

Company MOLBASE (Shanghai) Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
Address Floor 4 & 5, Building 12, No. 1001 North Qinzhou Road,
Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
Telephone +86(21)64956998
Fax +86(21)54365166

1.5 Emergency phone number

Emergency phone number +86-400-6021-666
Service hours Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours).

2.Hazard identification

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Gases under pressure: Compressed gas

Oxidizing gases, Category 1

Skin corrosion, Category 1A

Acute toxicity - Inhalation, Category 2

2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram(s)
Signal word

Danger

Hazard statement(s)

H270 May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer

H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage

H330 Fatal if inhaled

Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention

P220 Keep away from clothing and other combustible materials.

P244 Keep valves and fittings free from oil and grease.

P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling.

P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.

P284 [In case of inadequate ventilation] wear respiratory protection.

Response

P370+P376 In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to do so.

P301+P330+P331 IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.

P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower].

P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.

P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.

P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…

P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label).

P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.

P320 Specific treatment is urgent (see ... on this label).

Storage

P410+P403 Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place.

P403 Store in a well-ventilated place.

P405 Store locked up.

P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.

Disposal

P501 Dispose of contents/container to ...

2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification

none

3.Composition/information on ingredients

3.1 Substances

Chemical name Common names and synonyms CAS number EC number Concentration
difluorine difluorine 7782-41-4 none 100%

4.First-aid measures

4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures

General advice

Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

If inhaled

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

In case of skin contact

First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again. Refer for medical attention .

In case of eye contact

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

If swallowed

Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician.

4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed

Poisonous; may be fatal if inhaled. Vapor extremely irritating. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. Chronic absorption may cause osteosclerosis and calcification of ligaments. (EPA, 1998)

4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary

Call for medical aid. ... Move to fresh air. If breathing has stopped, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. ... Will cause frostbite. Flush affected areas with plenty of water. If in eyes, hold eyelids open, and flush with plenty of water. Do not rub affected areas.

5.Fire-fighting measures

5.1 Extinguishing media

Suitable extinguishing media

If material involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Do not use water on material itself. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. /Fluorine, compressed/

5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical

May ignite other combustible materials (wood, paper, oil, etc.) Mixture with fuels may explode. Container may explode in heat of fire. Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors, or in sewers. Poisonous gas is produced in fire. Avoid contact with all oxidizable materials, including organic materials. Will react violently with water and most organic materials to produce heat and toxic fumes. Keep gas in tank, avoid exposure to all other materials. (EPA, 1998)

5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

6.Accidental release measures

6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures

Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.

6.2 Environmental precautions

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: gas-tight chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation.

6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up

Keep water away from release. Approach release from upwind. Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Control runoff and isolate discharged material for proper disposal.

7.Handling and storage

7.1 Precautions for safe handling

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.

7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

Fireproof if in building. Cool.Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Isolate from all other storage.

8.Exposure controls/personal protection

8.1 Control parameters

Occupational Exposure limit values

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hour Time-Weighted Average: 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/cu m).

Biological limit values

no data available

8.2 Appropriate engineering controls

Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)

Eye/face protection

Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection

Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.

Respiratory protection

Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.

Thermal hazards

no data available

9.Physical and chemical properties

Physical state pale yellow gas with a pungent odour
Colour Pale yellow, diatomic gas or liquid
Odour Sharp penetrating odor
Melting point/ freezing point -220ºC
Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range -188ºC
Flammability Nonflammable Gas, but an extremely strong oxidizer.Not combustible but enhances combustion of other substances. Many reactions may cause fire or explosion.
Lower and upper explosion limit / flammability limit no data available
Flash point no data available
Auto-ignition temperature Not flammable (USCG, 1999)
Decomposition temperature no data available
pH no data available
Kinematic viscosity 0.257 mPa-s liquid at 85 deg K; 0.0218 mPa-s gas
Solubility In water:reacts
Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value) no data available
Vapour pressure 760 mm Hg at -152.33°C (EPA, 1998)
Density and/or relative density 1.695(15ºC)
Relative vapour density 1.695 (EPA, 1998) (Relative to Air)
Particle characteristics no data available

10.Stability and reactivity

10.1 Reactivity

no data available

10.2 Chemical stability

Conditions contributing to instability: Elevated temp may cause cylinders to burst.

10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions

Not flammableThe gas is heavier than air.Propellant; ignites upon contact with alcohols, amines, ammonia, beryllium alkyls, boranes, dicyanogen, hydrazines, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, nitroalkanes, powdered metals, silanes, or thiols [Bretherick, 1979 p.174]; Aluminum powder and iodine in close contact will ignite spontaneously, Fluorine with metals requires added heat for ignition, [NFPA 491M]. Antimony is spontaneously flammable in fluorine, chlorine, and bromine. With iodine, the reaction produces heat, which can cause flame or even an explosion if the quantities are great enough, [Mellor 9:379(1946-1947)]. The oxides of the alkalis and alkaline earths are vigorously attacked by fluorine gas with incandescence, [Mellor 2:13(1946-1947)]. Fluorine causes aromatic hydrocarbons and unsaturated alkanes to ignite spontaneously, [Mellor 2, Supp. 1:55(1956)]. Fluorine vigorously reacts with arsenic and arsenic trioxide at ordinary temperatures, [Mellor 9:34(1946-1947)]. Bromine mixed with fluorine at ordinary temperatures yields bromine trifluoride, with a luminous flame, [Mellor 2:12(1946-1947)]. Calcium silicide burns readily in fluorine, [Mellor 6:663(1946-1947)]. The carbonates of sodium, lithium, calcium, and lead in contact with fluorine are decomposed at ordinary temperatures with incandescence, [Mellor 2:13(1946-1947)]. A mixture of fluorine and carbon disulfide ignites at ordinary temperatures, [Mellor 2:13(1946-1947)]. The reaction between fluorine and carbon tetrachloride is violent and sometimes explosive, [Mellor 2, Supp. 1, 198(1956)]. The uncontrolled reaction between fluorine and chlorine dioxide is explosive, [Mellor 2, Supp. 1, 532(1956)]. Fluorine and silver cyanide react with explosive violence at ordinary temperatures, [Mellor 2, Supp. 1:63(1956)]. Fluorine and sodium acetate produce an explosive reaction involving the formation of diacetyl peroxide, [Mellor 2, Supp. 1:56(1956)]. Selenium, silicon, or sulfur ignites in fluorine gas at ordinary temperatures, [Mellor 2:11-13(1946-1947)]. Each bubble of sulfur dioxide gas led into a container of fluorine produces an explosion, [Mellor 2:1(1946-1947)]. Fluorine and thallous chloride react violently, melting the product, [Mellor, Supp. 1:63(1956)].

10.4 Conditions to avoid

no data available

10.5 Incompatible materials

Strong oxidizer. Reacts with every known element except, helium, neon, argon. Reacts with all materials except for some Teflons and some metals at low temperatures. Water reactive. Reacts with water to form hydrogen fluoride and oxygen.

10.6 Hazardous decomposition products

Decomposes in water, giving hydrofluoric acid, HF, oxygen fluoride, OF2, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen and ozone.

11.Toxicological information

Acute toxicity

  • Oral: no data available
  • Inhalation: LC50 Rat inhalation 185 ppm/1 hr
  • Dermal: no data available

Skin corrosion/irritation

no data available

Serious eye damage/irritation

no data available

Respiratory or skin sensitization

no data available

Germ cell mutagenicity

no data available

Carcinogenicity

no data available

Reproductive toxicity

no data available

STOT-single exposure

no data available

STOT-repeated exposure

no data available

Aspiration hazard

no data available

12.Ecological information

12.1 Toxicity

  • Toxicity to fish: no data available
  • Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: no data available
  • Toxicity to algae: no data available
  • Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available

12.2 Persistence and degradability

no data available

12.3 Bioaccumulative potential

Fluorine decomposes in water to form hydrofluoric acid (HF), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxygen fluoride (OF2)(1). Therefore, bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC).

12.4 Mobility in soil

Elemental fluorine was found to be very mobile in both sandy and sandy loam soils(1). Fluorine decomposes in water to form hydrofluoric acid (HF), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxygen fluoride (OF2)(2); therefore, fluorine is expected to decompose in moist soils as it reacts with water(SRC).

12.5 Other adverse effects

no data available

13.Disposal considerations

13.1 Disposal methods

Product

The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.

Contaminated packaging

Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.

14.Transport information

14.1 UN Number

ADR/RID: UN1045 IMDG: UN1045 IATA: UN1045

14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name

ADR/RID: FLUORINE, COMPRESSED
IMDG: FLUORINE, COMPRESSED
IATA: FLUORINE, COMPRESSED

14.3 Transport hazard class(es)

ADR/RID: 2.3 IMDG: 2.3 IATA: 2.3

14.4 Packing group, if applicable

ADR/RID: unknown IMDG: unknown IATA: unknown

14.5 Environmental hazards

ADR/RID: no IMDG: no IATA: no

14.6 Special precautions for user

no data available

14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code

no data available

15.Regulatory information

15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question

Chemical name Common names and synonyms CAS number EC number
difluorine difluorine 7782-41-4 none
European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) Listed.
EC Inventory Listed.
United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory Listed.
China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 Listed.
New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) Listed.
Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) Listed.
Vietnam National Chemical Inventory Listed.
Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) Listed.

16.Other information

Information on revision

Creation Date Aug 12, 2017
Revision Date Aug 12, 2017

Abbreviations and acronyms

  • CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
  • ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
  • RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
  • IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
  • IATA: International Air Transportation Association
  • TWA: Time Weighted Average
  • STEL: Short term exposure limit
  • LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
  • LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
  • EC50: Effective Concentration 50%

References

  • IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
  • HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
  • IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
  • eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
  • CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
  • ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
  • ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
  • Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
  • ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/

Disclaimer: The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. We as supplier shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product.