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What is Phenol
**Introduction to Phenol** Phenol, also known as carbolic acid (C₆H₅OH), is a versatile aromatic organic compound widely used in industrial and laboratory applications. It appears as a white crystalline solid with a distinct medicinal odor and is soluble in water and organic solvents. Phenol serves as a key precursor in the production of plastics, resins, adhesives, and pharmaceuticals, including aspirin and antiseptics. Its disinfectant properties make it valuable in medical and household cleaning products. However, phenol is highly corrosive and toxic, requiring careful handling. With its broad utility in chemical synthesis and manufacturing, phenol remains an essential compound in modern industry while demanding strict safety measures.
Preparation Process: To prepare phenol, start with the **cumene process**: 1. **Alkylation**: React benzene with propylene (in the presence of an acid catalyst like phosphoric acid) to form cumene (isopropylbenzene). 2. **Oxidation**: Oxidize cumene with air to produce cumene hydroperoxide. 3. **Cleavage**: Treat the hydroperoxide with dilute sulfuric acid, causing cleavage into phenol and acetone as byproducts. 4. **Purification**: Separate phenol via distillation. Alternatively, phenol can be obtained from coal tar or by **hydrolysis of chlorobenzene** (Raschig process) using NaOH at high temperature and pressure, followed by acidification.
Usage Scenarios: Phenol is widely used as a disinfectant and antiseptic in medical and household cleaning products due to its antimicrobial properties. It serves as a precursor in the production of plastics, resins, and synthetic fibers like nylon and epoxy resins. In the pharmaceutical industry, phenol is utilized in the synthesis of drugs such as aspirin and other analgesics. It also acts as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of dyes, pesticides, and herbicides. Additionally, phenol is employed in laboratory settings for DNA/RNA extraction and as a preservative in vaccines. Its derivatives are used in cosmetics, soaps, and industrial solvents.
Phenol Basic Info
Phenol Price
1. **United States**: $1,200 - $1,500 per metric ton
2. **China**: $1,000 - $1,300 per metric ton
3. **Russia**: $1,100 - $1,400 per metric ton
4. **Germany**: $1,300 - $1,600 per metric ton
5. **India**: $1,000 - $1,200 per metric ton
6. **Japan**: $1,400 - $1,700 per metric ton
7. **Brazil**: $1,100 - $1,400 per metric ton
8. **South Korea**: $1,300 - $1,500 per metric ton
9. **Philippines**: No results
10. **United Kingdom**: $1,300 - $1,600 per metric ton
11. **France**: $1,300 - $1,600 per metric ton
12. **Mexico**: $1,100 - $1,400 per metric ton
13. **Canada**: $1,200 - $1,500 per metric ton
14. **South Africa**: $1,000 - $1,300 per metric ton
15. **Egypt**: No results
16. **Turkey**: $1,100 - $1,400 per metric ton
17. **Thailand**: $1,000 - $1,300 per metric ton
18. **Indonesia**: No results
*Prices are approximate and subject to change based on market conditions.*
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