Carbon dioxide CO2 Properties,Formula,Price, Uses

What is Carbon dioxide

**Introduction to Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)** Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a colorless, odorless gas naturally present in Earth's atmosphere and essential for life. It is produced through respiration, combustion of fossil fuels, and industrial processes. While CO₂ plays a critical role in photosynthesis and the carbon cycle, excessive emissions contribute to climate change by trapping heat in the atmosphere. Industrially, CO₂ is used in carbonated beverages, fire extinguishers, refrigeration, and enhanced oil recovery. It can also be captured and stored (CCS) to mitigate environmental impact. As a versatile compound, CO₂ is vital in both natural ecosystems and human applications, but its management is key to balancing sustainability and industrial needs.

Preparation Process: **Preparation of Carbon Dioxide (CO₂):** 1. **Combustion of Carbon:** Burn carbon-containing fuels (e.g., coal, methane) in excess oxygen: \[ \text{C} + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 \] \[ \text{CH}_4 + 2\text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \] 2. **Acid-Carbonate Reaction:** Add hydrochloric acid to calcium carbonate (marble chips): \[ \text{CaCO}_3 + 2\text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{CaCl}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{CO}_2 \uparrow \] 3. **Thermal Decomposition:** Heat metal carbonates (e.g., calcium carbonate) to high temperatures: \[ \text{CaCO}_3 \xrightarrow{\Delta} \text{CaO} + \text{CO}_2 \uparrow \] 4. **Fermentation:** Yeast breaks down sugars in anaerobic conditions, producing CO₂ as a byproduct. 5. **Respiration:** Living organisms release CO₂ during metabolic processes. (Word count: ~100)

Usage Scenarios: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is widely used across industries and daily life. In food and beverages, it carbonates drinks and preserves packaged foods. In agriculture, CO₂ enhances plant growth in greenhouses. Industrially, it serves as a shielding gas in welding, a fire suppressant in extinguishers, and a solvent in supercritical fluid extraction. The medical field uses it for minimally invasive surgeries (laparoscopy) and respiratory therapies. CO₂ is also crucial in refrigeration, dry ice production, and pH regulation in water treatment. Additionally, it plays a role in oil recovery (EOR) and as a feedstock in producing chemicals like urea and methanol.

Carbon dioxide Basic Info

Chemical Name Carbon dioxide

Synonyms CO2;DRY ICE;carbondioxide(co2);Carbonic anhydride;Trockeneis;r744;Methanedione;Kohlenstoffdioxid;carbondioxide,solid;carbondioxideliquide

CAS No. 124-38-9

Molecular Formula CO2

Molecular Weight 44.01

PSA 34.14000

LogP -0.58350

Safely Info

RTECS FF6400000

Hazard Class 2.2

Safety Statements 9

HS Code 28112100

WGK Germany -

Packing Group III

RIDADR UN 1013 2.2

Risk Statements -

Hazard Codes -

Caution Statement P410+P403

Hazard Declaration H280

Symbol GHS04

Signal Word Warning

Carbon dioxide Price

Here is a rough price range for carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the listed countries. Note that prices can vary significantly based on purity, quantity, and application (e.g., industrial, food-grade, medical):

1. **United States**: $0.02–$0.10 per liter (industrial-grade)
2. **China**: $0.01–$0.05 per liter (industrial-grade)
3. **Russia**: $0.03–$0.08 per liter (industrial-grade)
4. **Germany**: $0.05–$0.15 per liter (industrial-grade)
5. **India**: $0.02–$0.06 per liter (industrial-grade)
6. **Japan**: $0.10–$0.20 per liter (industrial-grade)
7. **Brazil**: $0.03–$0.07 per liter (industrial-grade)
8. **South Korea**: $0.08–$0.15 per liter (industrial-grade)
9. **Philippines**: $0.04–$0.10 per liter (industrial-grade)
10. **United Kingdom**: $0.06–$0.15 per liter (industrial-grade)
11. **France**: $0.05–$0.14 per liter (industrial-grade)
12. **Mexico**: $0.03–$0.08 per liter (industrial-grade)
13. **Canada**: $0.04–$0.12 per liter (industrial-grade)
14. **South Africa**: $0.03–$0.07 per liter (industrial-grade)
15. **Egypt**: $0.02–$0.06 per liter (industrial-grade)
16. **Turkey**: $0.03–$0.08 per liter (industrial-grade)
17. **Thailand**: $0.02–$0.07 per liter (industrial-grade)
18. **Indonesia**: $0.02–$0.06 per liter (industrial-grade)

*Note: Prices are approximate and may vary based on market conditions, supply chain factors, and regional demand.*

MSDS

Name:	Carbonic Acid Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:
CAS:	124-38-9

Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:Carbonic Acid Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:

Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

CAS#	Chemical Name	content	EINECS#
124-38-9	Carbon Dioxide	1.0	204-696-9

Hazard Symbols: None Listed.
Risk Phrases: None Listed.

Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
May cause eye irritation.
Skin:
No information regarding skin irritation and other potential effects was found.
Ingestion:
The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Inhalation:
The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Chronic:
No information found.

Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
Eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.
Skin:
Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes.
Ingestion:
If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.
Inhalation:
Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.
Notes to Physician:

Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear.
Extinguishing Media:
Substance is noncombustible; use agent most appropriate to extinguish surrounding fire.

Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable container.

Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Use with adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Storage:
Store in a cool, dry place.

Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
Engineering Controls:
Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low.
Exposure Limits CAS# 124-38-9: United Kingdom, WEL - TWA: 5000 ppm TWA; 9150 mg/m3 TWA United Kingdom, WEL - STEL: 15000 ppm STEL; 27400 mg/m3 STEL United States OSHA: 5000 ppm TWA (exposures < 10,000 ppm to be ci de minimus); 9000 mg/m3 TWA Belgium - TWA: 5000 ppm VLE; 9131 mg/m3 VLE Belgium - STEL: 30000 ppm VLE; 54784 mg/m3 VLE Germany: 5000 ppm TWA; 9100 mg/m3 TWA Japan: 5000 ppm OEL; 9000 mg/m3 OEL Malaysia: 5000 ppm TWA; 9000 mg/m3 TWA Netherlands: 5000 ppm MAC; 9000 mg/m3 MAC Spain: 5000 ppm VLA-ED; 9150 mg/m3 VLA-ED Spain: 15000 ppm VLA-EC; 27400 mg/m3 VLA-EC CAS# 7732-18-5: Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.

Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Physical State: Liquid
Color: Not available.
Odor: Not available.
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: Not available.
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: Not available.
Freezing/Melting Point: Not available.
Autoignition Temperature: Not available.
Flash Point: Not available.
Explosion Limits, lower: Not available.
Explosion Limits, upper: Not available.
Decomposition Temperature:
Solubility in water:
Specific Gravity/Density:
Molecular Formula:
Molecular Weight:

Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Chemical Stability:
Stability unknown.
Conditions to Avoid:
None reported.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
None reported..
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Not known.
Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported.

Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
RTECS#:
CAS# 124-38-9: FF6400000 CAS# 7732-18-5: ZC0110000 LD50/LC50:
Not available.
CAS# 7732-18-5: Oral, rat: LD50 = >90 mL/kg.
Carcinogenicity:
Carbon Dioxide - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Water - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Other:
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.

Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Products which are considered hazardous for supply are classified as Special Waste and the disposal of such chemicals is covered by regulations which may vary according to location. Contact a specialist disposal company or the local waste regulator for advice. Empty containers must be decontaminated before returning for recycling.

Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION

IATA
Shipping Name: CARBON DIOXIDE
Hazard Class: 2.2
UN Number: 1013
Packing Group: III
IMO
Shipping Name: CARBON DIOXIDE
Hazard Class: 2.2
UN Number: 1013
Packing Group: III
RID/ADR
Shipping Name: CARBON DIOXIDE
Hazard Class: 2.2
UN Number: 1013
Packing group: III

Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION

European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: Not available.
Risk Phrases:
Safety Phrases:
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 124-38-9: 0
CAS# 7732-18-5: No information available.
Canada
CAS# 124-38-9 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 7732-18-5 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 124-38-9 is listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
CAS# 7732-18-5 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 124-38-9 is listed on the TSCA inventory.
CAS# 7732-18-5 is listed on the TSCA inventory.

SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

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1.Identification

1.1 GHS Product identifier

Product name	carbon dioxide

1.2 Other means of identification

Product number	-
Other names	Carbon dioxide

1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use

Identified uses	For industry use only. Food additives
Uses advised against	no data available

1.4 Supplier's details

Company	MOLBASE (Shanghai) Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
Address	Floor 4 & 5, Building 12, No. 1001 North Qinzhou Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
Telephone	+86(21)64956998
Fax	+86(21)54365166

1.5 Emergency phone number

Emergency phone number	+86-400-6021-666
Service hours	Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours).

2.Hazard identification

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Gases under pressure: Compressed gas

2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram(s)
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statement(s)	H280 Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated
Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention	none
Response	none
Storage	none
Disposal	none

2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification

none

3.Composition/information on ingredients

3.1 Substances

Chemical name	Common names and synonyms	CAS number	EC number	Concentration
carbon dioxide	carbon dioxide	124-38-9	none	100%

4.First-aid measures

4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures

General advice

Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

If inhaled

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

In case of skin contact

ON FROSTBITE: rinse with plenty of water, do NOT remove clothes. Refer for medical attention .

In case of eye contact

Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.

If swallowed

Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician.

4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed

Inhalation causes increased respiration rate, headache, subtle physiological changes for up to 5% concentration and prolonged exposure. Higher concentrations can cause unconsciousness and death. Solid can cause cold contact burns. Liquid or cold gas can cause freezing injury to skin or eyes similar to a burn. (USCG, 1999)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 120 [Gases - Inert (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]: Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. (ERG, 2016)

4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Simple asphyxiants and related compounds/

5.Fire-fighting measures

5.1 Extinguishing media

Suitable extinguishing media

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical

Behavior in Fire: Containers may explode when heated. (USCG, 1999)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 120 [Gases - Inert (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]: Non-flammable gases. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket. (ERG, 2016)

5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

6.Accidental release measures

6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures

Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.

6.2 Environmental precautions

Personal protection: self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Do NOT use water.

6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up

Accidental release measures. Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas.; Environmental precautions: Do not let product enter drains.; Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Clean up promptly by sweeping or vacuum.

7.Handling and storage

7.1 Precautions for safe handling

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.

7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

Fireproof if in building. Cool. Ventilation along the floor.Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities: Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Contents under pressure. Avoid heating above: 50°C.

8.Exposure controls/personal protection

8.1 Control parameters

Occupational Exposure limit values

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 5,000 ppm (9,000 mg/cu m).

Recommended Exposure Limit: 15 Min Short-Term Exposure Limit: 30,000 ppm (54,000 mg/cu m).

10 hr Time-Weighted avg: 10,000 ppm (18,000 mg/cu m); 10 min Ceiling value: 30,000 ppm (54,000 mg/cu m).

Biological limit values

no data available

8.2 Appropriate engineering controls

Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)

Eye/face protection

Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection

Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.

Respiratory protection

Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.

Thermal hazards

no data available

9.Physical and chemical properties

Physical state	colourless odourless gas
Colour	Colorless gas
Odour	Odorless
Melting point/ freezing point	-78.5ºC(lit.)
Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range	Sublimes (NIOSH, 2016)
Flammability	Nonflammable GasNot combustible.
Lower and upper explosion limit / flammability limit	no data available
Flash point	Not applicable
Auto-ignition temperature	no data available
Decomposition temperature	no data available
pH	The pH of saturated CO2 solutions varies from 3.7 at 101 kPa (1 atm) to 3.2 at 2370 kPa (23.4 atm)
Kinematic viscosity	21.29 uPa-sec at 300 K /26.85°C/
Solubility	0.2 % at 25°C (NIOSH, 2016)
Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value)	0.83
Vapour pressure	56.5 atm ( 20 °C)
Density and/or relative density	1.977（0ºC）
Relative vapour density	1.52 (vs air)
Particle characteristics	no data available

10.Stability and reactivity

10.1 Reactivity

no data available

10.2 Chemical stability

Stable under recommended storage conditions.

10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions

Noncombustible gas.The gas is heavier than air and may accumulate in lowered spaces causing a deficiency of oxygen. Free-flowing liquid condenses to form extremely cold dry ice.Dusts of magnesium, lithium, potassium, sodium, zirconium, titanium, and some magnesium-aluminum alloys, and heated aluminum, chromium, and magnesium when suspended in carbon dioxide are ignitable and explosive. This is especially true in the presence of strong oxidizers, such as peroxides. The presence of carbon dioxide in solutions of aluminum hydride in ether can cause violent decomposition on warming the residue, [J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1948, 70, 877]. Dangers arising from the use of carbon dioxide in the fire prevention and extinguishing systems of confined volumes of air and flammable vapors are examined. The hazard associated with its use centers around the fact that large electrostatic discharges may be created that initiate explosion, [Quart. Saf. Summ., 1973, 44(1740, 10]. Contact of very cold liquid/solid carbon dioxide with water may result in vigorous or violent boiling of the product and extremely rapid vaporization due to the large temperature differences involved. If the water is hot, there is the possibility that a liquid "superheat" explosion may occur. Pressures may build to dangerous levels if liquid gas contacts water in a closed container. Forms weak carbonic acid in nonhazardous reaction with water.

10.4 Conditions to avoid

no data available

10.5 Incompatible materials

Incompatible with acrylaldehyde, aziridine, metal acetylides, sodum peroxide.

10.6 Hazardous decomposition products

The substance decomposes on heating above 2000°C producing toxic carbon monoxide.

11.Toxicological information

Acute toxicity

Oral: no data available
Inhalation: no data available
Dermal: no data available

Skin corrosion/irritation

no data available

Serious eye damage/irritation

no data available

Respiratory or skin sensitization

no data available

Germ cell mutagenicity

no data available

Carcinogenicity

no data available

Reproductive toxicity

no data available

STOT-single exposure

no data available

STOT-repeated exposure

no data available

Aspiration hazard

no data available

12.Ecological information

12.1 Toxicity

Toxicity to fish: LC50; Species: /Oncorhynchus mykiss/ (Rainbow trout); Concentration: 240 mg/L for 1 hour /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source
Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: no data available
Toxicity to algae: no data available
Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available

12.2 Persistence and degradability

no data available

12.3 Bioaccumulative potential

no data available

12.4 Mobility in soil

no data available

12.5 Other adverse effects

no data available

13.Disposal considerations

13.1 Disposal methods

Product

The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.

Contaminated packaging

Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.

14.Transport information

14.1 UN Number

ADR/RID: UN1013

IMDG: UN1013

IATA: UN1013

14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name

ADR/RID: CARBON DIOXIDE

IMDG: CARBON DIOXIDE

IATA: CARBON DIOXIDE

14.3 Transport hazard class(es)

ADR/RID: 2.2

IMDG: 2.2

IATA: 2.2

14.4 Packing group, if applicable

ADR/RID: III

IMDG: III

IATA: III

14.5 Environmental hazards

ADR/RID: no

IMDG: no

IATA: no

14.6 Special precautions for user

no data available

14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code

no data available

15.Regulatory information

15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question

Chemical name	Common names and synonyms	CAS number	EC number
carbon dioxide	carbon dioxide	124-38-9	none
European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS)			Listed.
EC Inventory			Listed.
United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory			Listed.
China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015			Listed.
New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC)			Listed.
Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS)			Listed.
Vietnam National Chemical Inventory			Listed.
Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC)			Listed.

16.Other information

Information on revision

Creation Date	Aug 12, 2017
Revision Date	Aug 12, 2017

Abbreviations and acronyms

CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
IATA: International Air Transportation Association
TWA: Time Weighted Average
STEL: Short term exposure limit
LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
EC50: Effective Concentration 50%

References

IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/

Disclaimer: The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. We as supplier shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product.

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