citric acid triphenyl ester

What is citric acid triphenyl ester

**Introduction to Citric Acid Triphenyl Ester** Citric acid triphenyl ester (CATE) is an organic compound derived from the esterification of citric acid with phenol. This versatile ester is widely used as a plasticizer, flame retardant, and stabilizer in polymer applications, particularly in PVC, cellulose acetate, and other synthetic resins. Its excellent compatibility, low volatility, and non-toxic properties make it a preferred choice for enhancing material flexibility and durability. Additionally, CATE exhibits good thermal stability and resistance to migration, ensuring long-term performance in industrial and consumer products. With growing demand for eco-friendly additives, citric acid triphenyl ester serves as a safer alternative to traditional phthalate-based plasticizers, aligning with modern sustainability goals.

Preparation Process: To prepare citric acid triphenyl ester, dissolve 1 mole of citric acid (192.12 g) and 3 moles of phenol (282.33 g) in anhydrous pyridine (500 mL) under nitrogen. Cool the mixture to 0–5°C, then slowly add 3.3 moles of phosphorus oxychloride (POCl₃, 505.5 g) while stirring. After addition, heat the reaction to 60–70°C for 6–8 hours. Quench with ice water, extract with ethyl acetate, and wash the organic layer with dilute HCl, NaHCO₃, and brine. Dry over anhydrous Na₂SO₄, filter, and evaporate the solvent. Recrystallize the residue from ethanol to obtain pure citric acid triphenyl ester.

Usage Scenarios: Citric acid triphenyl ester is primarily used as a plasticizer and stabilizer in the polymer industry, enhancing the flexibility and durability of plastics, particularly polyvinyl chloride (PVC). It acts as a non-toxic alternative to phthalate-based plasticizers, making it suitable for medical devices, food packaging, and children's toys. The compound also serves as a flame retardant in certain materials due to its phosphorus content. Additionally, it finds applications in coatings, adhesives, and synthetic resins, improving their thermal stability and processing performance. Its ester groups contribute to compatibility with various polymers, ensuring uniform dispersion and long-lasting effects in the final product.

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